By C. L. Hamblin

This booklet belongs on even the main modest checklist of these who will educate or research glossy casual good judgment. It was once a path-breaking paintings by means of one of many actually autonomous spirits in philosophy who sat right down to reconsider obtained doctrine that were permitted for a thousand years. a wide slice of recent study and instructing of good judgment has sprung from the letter or the spirit of this vitally important work.
--- Michael Scriven

An imperative source for critical scholars of the fallacies. offers the historic and conceptual heritage on which all paintings of the final 20 years is predicated. nonetheless a powerfully unique paintings studded with but undeveloped insights and illuminations.
--- Douglas Walton

...His monograph offers the single huge historical past of writing approximately fallacies (an very good one at that); it underscores the forget that fallacies were subjected to in good judgment texts, and by way of extension attracts cognizance to the forget of the complete of casual common sense; and it bargains a idea of fallacy of serious curiosity, relatively since it builds from an idea of argument as utilized in practice.
--- R. H. Johnson and J. A. Blair

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When we turn to the Prior Analytics we find, however, that he does make an attempt to describe Begging the Question in a new and context-free way, but ends up making some quite different and puzzling remarks about it (65a I o) : ARISTOTLE'S LIST 75 if then it is uncertain whether A belongs to C, and also whether A belongs to B, and if one should assume that A does belong to B, it is not yet clear whether he begs the original question, but it is evident that he is not demonstrating: for what is as uncertain as the question to be answered cannot be a principle of a demonstration.

Unless we import the idea that the premiss is being invoked to prove the conclusion in circumstances in which it is no more acce tab than the conclusion itself, all we are left with is a plain y valid argument. Another point in which Aristotle departs, deliberately or not, from the attempt to build a purely formal theory concerns the relative certainty of premisses and conclusion. In what sense are premisses ever more certain than the conclusion they entail ? In the only sense of 'certain' relevant to context-free logic a conclusion is always at least as certain as the (conjunction of the) premisses that lead to it.

7] Making of two questions into one. That we are not concerned with fallacies of reasoning in quite the modern sense is made clear from the structure or architectonic within which the discussion is embedded. To start with, there is a third category: [c] Sophistical refutation by valid arguments inappropriate to the subject-matter. Under this heading Aristotle describes what is usually presented under [b] 3 as Ignoratio Elenchi: we shall see later how he really conceives [b] 3. Secondly, however, the three categories of sophistical refutations together only make up the first of the five kinds of contentious reasoning mentioned earlier.

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