By Metin Heper and Nur Bilge Criss

The 3rd variation of the ancient Dictionary of Turkey explores the background of this interesting nation via a chronology, an introductory essay, a bibliography, and thousands of cross-referenced dictionary entries on very important folks, areas, occasions, and associations, in addition to on major political, monetary, social, and cultural features.

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1958 16 January: Nine army officers arrested for plotting against the government. 24 November: Freedom Party dissolves to merge with Republican People’s Party. 1959 19 February: Greece, Turkey, and Britain agree to establish an independent Cyprus Republic on a communal basis. 5 March: Turkey and United States sign bilateral defense agreement, ratified by Turkey in May 1959. 31 July: Turkey applies for associate membership in European Economic Community. 1960 19 March: Israel and Turkey sign trade and payments agreement.

29 June: Prime Minister Turgut Özal announces that General Necip Torumtay will be- CHRONOLOGY • xliii come Turkey’s chief of general staff rather than General Necdet Öztorun, widely believed to be the army’s choice. 14 July: Government establishes office of emergency rule regional governor to coordinate fight against terrorism in eight eastern and southeastern provinces. 6 September: National referendum lifts bans against political leaders who ruled the country before the 1980 military intervention, with a razor-thin majority.

10 June: Chief of general staff General Kenan Evren reacts to wave of violence engulfing Turkey, saying the armed forces will not allow anyone to divide the country. ” 11 July: Gunmen kill Professor Bedrettin Cömert of Hacettepe University in an ambush. 27 September: United States formally lifts embargo on aid to Turkey. 24 December: Sectarian clashes in Kahramanmaras¸ in southeastern Turkey leave 117 dead and more than 1,000 wounded. S. Congress approves $200,000,000 in military aid to Turkey.

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