By Sharon Rose

For an individual, younger or previous, who has ever questioned, how do they make those?-here is an exciting, illustrated exploration of the method at the back of the manufacture of daily items.

What are bulletproof vests made from? How do they get lipstick into the tube? How a lot brass does it take to make a trumpet? The answers-and a lot more attention-grabbing information-can be present in HOW issues ARE MADE, a behind-the-machine examine daily items of all types, from guitars, helicopters, and compact discs to garden mowers, trainers, and chocolate.

every one web page of ways issues ARE MADE positive aspects informative, step by step textual content besides exact illustrations, diagrams, and sidebars to inform the tales at the back of the issues we occasionally take without any consideration yet frequently ask yourself approximately. do you know that Edison did not particularly invent the sunshine bulb? Or that the 1st bar code used to be on a pack of Wrigley Spearmint gum? discover those solutions and lots more and plenty extra in HOW issues ARE MADE, which has a canopy made up of genuine denim with a pocket.

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Careful ergonomic studies of every assembly task have provided assembly workers with the safest and most efficient tools available. Body • • 4 Generally, the floor pan is the largest body component to which a multitude of panels and braces will subsequently be either welded or bolted. As it moves down the assembly line, held in place by clamping fixtures, the shell of the vehicle is built. First, the left and right quarter panels are robotically disengaged from pre-staged shipping containers and placed onto the floor pan, where they are stabilized with positioning fixtures and welded.

The theoretical yield from the process, according to the Church & Dwight Company, is between 90 and 95 percent, and the baking soda manufactured is more than 99 percent pure. An illustration of the baking soda manufacturing process. A key step in the process occurs in the carbonating tower. Here, the saturated soda ash solution moves from the top of the tower downward. As it falls, the solution cools and reacts with carbon dioxide to form sodium bicarbonate crystals—baking soda. After filtering, washing, and drying, the crystals are sorted by particle size and packaged appropriately.

Moreover, robots can also tolerate the The body is built up on a separate assembly line from the chassis. Robots once again perform most of the welding on the various panels, but human workers are necessary to bolt the parts together. During welding, component pieces are held securely in a jig while welding operations are performed. Once the body shell is complete, it is attached to an overhead conveyor for the painting process. The multi-step painting process entails inspection, cleaning, undercoat (electrostatically applied) dipping, drying, topcoat spraying, and baking.

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