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By Mark Noble, Karen Bevan, Deon Venter (auth.), David G. T. Thomas MA, FRCP(G), FRCS Ed., David I. Graham MBBCh, PhD, FRCPath, FRS(Ed) (eds.)
"...an instance of a great co-operation among neurosurgery and neuropathology...an first-class compendium of present notion and perform of mind tumours...The publication may perhaps function a reference either for learn, perform, examine and instructing. it may be totally suggested" - magazine of mind examine
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This method, although not revealing the precise nature of genetie abnormalities, is a very rapid process, enabling many thousands of eelis to be screened aecurately. The results indieated that most glioma eelis are neardiploid, but that a greater proportion of near-triploid and near-tetraploid eelis oeeurs in gliomas of higher malignaney grade (Ahyai, 1988). This is in keeping with results from other types of tumours, where more malignant neoplasms have a higher proportion of eelis with a polyploid DNA content.
Proe Natl Aead Sci USA 85: 7748-7752 Humphrey PA, Wong AJ, Vogelstein B et al. (1988) Amplifieation and expression of the epidermal growth faetor reeeptor gene in human glioma xenografts. Caneer 48: 2231-2238 James CD, Carlborn E, Dumanski JP et al. (1988) Clonal genomie alterations in glioma malignaney stages. E. E. Harding James CD, Carlbom E, Nordenskjold M, Collins VP, Cavenee WK (1989) Mitotic recombinatian of chromosome 17 in astrocytomas. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86: 2858-2862 Kinzler KW, Bigner SH.
But structural similarities to other oncogenes induding v-erb B and v-fms indicate a possible role as a hormone or growth-factor receptor gene. The sis oncogene maps to chromosome 22 (deleted in some gliomas) and is related to the PDGF gene and its receptor PDGFR (Schmidek, 1987). PDGF is secreted by platelets into serum and stiIDulates the growth of cells derived from connective tissue and glia. The PDGF receptor molecule, like EGFR, has tyrosine kinase activity. It is known that the viral oncogene verb B bears homology to the EGFR gene, and that transformation by this viru s involves the expression of a truncated EGF receptor-like molecule which fails to respond to normal ceU control mechanisms.