Download Microcosm: E. coli and the New Science of Life by Carl Zimmer PDF
By Carl Zimmer
•Within days of being born, we're contaminated with billions of E. coli. They will inhabit each one in every of us till we die. E. coli is infamous for making humans gravely ailing, yet engineered lines of the micro organism keep thousands of lives each one year.
•Despite its microscopic measurement, E.coli comprises greater than 4 thousand genes that function a staggeringly subtle community of thousands of molecules.
•Scientists are rebuilding E. coli from the floor up, redefining our knowing of lifestyles on Earth.
In the culture of classics like Lewis Thomas's Lives of a Cell, Carl Zimmer has written a desirable and completely available research of what it ability to be alive. Zimmer strains E. coli's outstanding heritage, displaying how scientists used it to find how genes paintings after which to release the whole biotechnology undefined. whereas a few lines of E. coli seize headlines via inflicting lethal ailments, scientists are retooling the micro organism to supply every thing from human insulin to jet gasoline.
Microcosm is the tale of the only species on the earth that technology is familiar with better of all. It's additionally a narrative of lifestyles itself--of its ideas, its mysteries, and its destiny.
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Additional resources for Microcosm: E. coli and the New Science of Life
Example text
2011). In this study, the partial sequences of two housekeeping genes, recA and rpoB, were obtained from type strains of genus Lactococcus, and the results showed that the rpoB and recA genes could be useful for differentiation of species within the genus Lactococcus (Wang et al. 2009). Using an approach called multilocus sequence typing (MLST), researchers performed DNA sequence analysis in several housekeeping genes or other protein-coding gene sequences to discriminate closely related species and analyse the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships.
Uvarum and L. vini (Fig. 5). As with the L. 2). The GC content ranges between 32 and 44 mol%. Each species produces L(+)-lactic acid or both L(+)- and D(−)-lactic acids, but no one produces the D(−)-isomer exclusively. They are all either Lys-D-Asp or meso-Dpm-direct (Hammes and Hertel 2009). Interestingly, this group includes the majority of the motile Lactobacillus species,such as L. agilis, L. aquaticus, L. capillatus, L. ghanensis, L. mali, L. nagelii, L. oeni, L. ruminis, L. sucicola, L. satsumensis, L.
Collinoides, L. kimchicus, L. odoratitofui, L. paracollinoides and L. similis. 5 mol%. All species in this group are able to form D(−)-lactic acid and three species also produce the L(+) isomer (Hammes and Hertel 2009). 8 Lactobacillus fructivorans Group The Lactobacillus fructivorans group comprises five species: L. florum, L. fructivorans, L. homohiochii, L. lindneri and L. sanfranciscensis. The majority of species are OHE, excect for L. homohiochii which is FHE. The GC content of species in this group is between 35 and 42 mol% and they are either Lys-D-Asp or Lys-Ala peptidoglycan types (Salvetti et al.