Download Nuclear energy: principles, practices, and prospects by David Bodansky PDF
By David Bodansky
As strength assets, fairly fossil fuels, develop into strained, nuclear strength (despite its recognized shortcomings) has to be regarded as another. This ebook provides an aim view of nuclear power as an enormous resource for destiny strength wishes. It discusses quite a few kinds of reactors, the nuclear gas cycle, the matter of nuclear waste disposal, reactor injuries, defense and new forms of reactors which are being thought of, and the price of electrical energy from nuclear strength. extra subject matters comprise the matter of nuclear guns, their garage, and, vitally important, their disposal as nuclear arsenals are pared down.
This new edition has been cited so far all through, with new information, figures, and tables added. The bankruptcy on expenditures of electrical energy has been shortened, simplified, and revised to make connection with the alterations attributable to the electrical energy deregulation. A motivating introductory bankruptcy, and a new bankruptcy on nuclear waste disposal at Yucca Mountain were extra.
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3. Estimates of world fossil fuel resources, as presented in World Energy Assessment. 2 × 103 a Consumption (EJ/yr), 1998 Ratiob 142 84 92 85 ≈ 200 ≈ 2200 The resource base is the remaining resource, omitting less well-established “additional occurences” of unconventional resources. ] b This is the ratio of the resource base for conventional resources to the annual consumption. Source: Ref. [15], p. 149. 10 1 The Motivation for Nuclear Energy and for natural gas may be misleading, because there are pressures at work that may increase gas consumption more rapidly than oil consumption—for example, the efforts in the United States to replace oil in transportation and to emphasize natural gas in future electricity generation.
3 Nuclear Power as a Substitute for Fossil Fuels 15 ciently and finding substitutes for fossil fuels. Alternatives to fossil fuels fall into two broad categories: ◆ ◆ Renewable sources. Most of these sources—including hydroelectric power, wind power, direct solar heating, photovoltaic power, and biomass—derive their energy ultimately from the Sun and will not be exhausted during the next billion years. 2) and the size of the potentially tappable resource. Thus, expansion of hydroelectric power (which is substantially used) is constricted by limited sites and environmental objections, whereas wind (for which the resource is large) is as yet less used and thus is not fully proven as a large-scale contributor.
References 23 12. T. Gold,“The Origin of Natural Gas and Petroleum and the Prognosis for Future Supplies,” Annual Review of Energy 10 (1985): 53–77. 13. M. King Hubbert, Nuclear Energy and the Fossil Fuels, Publication No. 95, Shell Development Company (Houston, TX: Shell, June 1956). 14. Kenneth S. Deffeyes, Hubbert’s Peak: The Impending World Oil Shortage, (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2001). 15. Hans-Holger Rogner, “Energy Resources,” in World Energy Assessment: Energy and the Challenge of Sustainability (New York: United Nations Development Program, 2000): 135–171.