Download Saracen Strongholds 1100-1500: The Central and Eastern by David Nicolle PDF
By David Nicolle
By the point of the Crusades, the Islamic global had built its personal refined types of fortification. specific and powerful, the region's detailed army structure endured to conform according to the Crusader and Mongol threats, and in addition drew upon the traditions in their foes and friends. The ensuing Islamic options of army structure had a power upon fortifications in Western Europe, together with Italy and the Iberian Peninsula. instead of offering defense for feudal aristocracies, despite the fact that, as used to be more and more the case in Europe, Islamic fortifications endured to concentration upon the defence of towns and frontiers
Covering fortifications as some distance aside as North Africa, Afghanistan and northern India, this quantity makes a speciality of the Islamic aspect of the clash, highlighting the fortifications in use while the Crusaders sought to reconquer the Holy Land, in addition to the eventual absorption of the territories of Byzantium into the Islamic international.
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Additional info for Saracen Strongholds 1100-1500: The Central and Eastern Islamic Lands (Fortress, Volume 87)
Sample text
A few years later another Timurid civil war saw Husayn Bayqara besieging the fortified city of Harat, then held for the Timurid sultan Abu Sa'id. Each gate was commanded by an amir, the defenders reportedly working day and night to erect outworks and bastions. A reserve force was kept on alert within the city to help any threatened gate or wall. Husayn Bayqara had hoped for a peaceful surrender so did not attack at once, while the defenders stationed 'spies' outside the city. They reported that Husayn Bayqara intended to ride with a relatively small bodyguard to bathe, perhaps in a nearby stream or pool.
In 1463-64 Husayn Bayqara was still trying to win control of the Timurid state in Central Asia. This time he attacked Khiva, whose citadel was held by rebels under Nur Sa'id Shadman. Attempting to use guile rather than brute force, Husayn Bayqara sent a few troops, who rode donkeys and had their armour hidden beneath old clothes. They got into the citadel and seized control of an entrance, whereupon 2 7 more heavily armoured but similarly disguised troops emerged from a nearby hiding place to attack the citadel.
They appear, for example, on many non-military structures such as the seemingly fortified tombs of Muslim rulers and other high-ranking personages outside some cities. Having sometimes been interpreted as 'fortified outworks', they are now mostly seen for what they really were - buildings that were given decorative fortified features for cultural and religious reasons. The major fortresses of Islamic India remained real enough, however, awe-inspiring court-citadels being particularly important in areas where the bulk of the urban population remained Hindu.