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By George A. Vanasse
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Another half cycle is a dead zone, since it produces a feedback signal of the opposite phase. The range which is usable as the servo error signal for positioning is further reduced to a linear portion of the original signal, approximately a quarter of its complete cycle. The second group of schemes generates a signal which can indicate the phase angle on a linear scale. Such a scheme can produce a signal having no dead zone in the servo range, and under control of this signal the interfer ometer may be positioned anywhere within the entire fringe cycle.
It can be seen from Eq. 53) that the value of (S/N)in can be very high. When the desired signal-to-noise ratio (S/N)sp is 103 for the measurement of 106 elements, the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N)in in the recorded interferogram must be on the order of 106 at zero path difference. There are two questions to be raised if a scheme is implemented to measure such a high value of the signal-to-noise ratio: (1) Is it possible to measure a quantity having the (S/N) of an order of 106? (2) Is it possible to raise the (S/N) to such a high value in the measure ment?
The resulting wavefront deforma tion is very slight if the displacement is within several wavelengths. A servocontrolled mechanism having a fast response can be easily implemented 1. HIGH RESOLVING POWER FOURIER SPECTROSCOPY 39 for driving a light secondary mirror. The drive motor is made of a stack of piezoelectric crystals, and the whole secondary mirror can be driven at a rate of several hundred kilohertz. Fast-stepping operation of the inter ferometer is impossible without this feature. C.