By Robert J. Good (auth.), Robert J. Good, Robert R. Stromberg (eds.)

Surface technological know-how and colloid technological know-how are preeminently experimental matters. They represent complementary features of a box which has been significantly lively considering global warfare II; there's each cause to count on that the extent of job will proceed to upward push within the coming many years, so it's well timed to study yes experimental equipment of floor and colloid technology as they exist, and to guage and refine these equipment. This quantity, and others that may keep on with, are mostly inquisitive about experimental equipment. The operating scientist wishes entry to the newest concepts, in fact. He should also examine of the possibilities of lately built options which he would possibly not were conscious of. both vital, or maybe much more so, he must study of the pitfalls of present tools. One may well say, wistfully, that it'd be great in order to decide up somebody's description of a brand new piece of equipment, to enter the laboratory, to construct it, and to have it paintings, the 1st time! there's, even if, a significant challenge of the interplay among the scan in line with se and the speculation for which the scan is designed. quite often, this interplay renders complex the translation of "direct" observations. An instance, from adventure of the senior editor of this quantity, is the query of touch attitude hysteresis. (See Chapters 1 and 2.

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A more important distortion occasionally arises in the direct measurement, on account of which a drop may appear to have a small rim around it when magnified. This is usually caused by heterogeneity or roughness. It is not related to the kinetic process of spreading. If, for instance, the surface is patchwise heterogeneous or contains bands of one species or the other extending perpendicular to the line of sight, then the edge of the drop may be contorted in order that Young's equation can be satisfied locally(9) (see Figure 3).

An optional component, which should be purchased, is an enclosed, controlled-environment chamber. The Rame-Hart instrument, model 100-00-00, has a stationary telescope. The position of the stage is controlled by graduated micrometer screws, so that the edge of a drop can be moved horizontally and vertically, to bring it to the axis of the telescope cross hairs. The optional microsyringe attachment for this instrument is mounted so that the needle may be held stationary relative to the stage. This is a valuable feature used for the measurement of advancing and receding angles.

First, there is at present no way to estimate for a three-component system; and if differs appreciably from naively expected values, inconsistent results may be anticipated. Moreover, it is a very well-known fact that components from a binary solution will not adsorb t The principle referred to is known as Occham's razor (William of Occham, 1280-1349). It states that the number of theoretical entities or mental constructs should not be increased any more than necessary. Robert I. Good 22 equally at the three different interfaces.

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