By Zbigniew Brzezinski, Robert M. Gates, Suzanne Maloney

During this well timed record, a bipartisan team of specialists concludes that the Islamic Republic is solidly entrenched and that the urgency of the troubles round Irans guidelines mandates that Washington care for the present regime instead of wait it out. the duty Forceco-chaired by means of former nationwide safety Adviser Zbigniew Brzezinski and previous Director of primary Intelligence Robert M. Gatesrecommends selective engagement with Tehran to advertise local balance, dissuade Iran from pursuing nuclear guns, safeguard trustworthy strength offers, decrease the specter of terror, and handle the democracy deficit that pervades the center East as an entire. This quantity contains a chronology of significant dates in U.S.-Iranian background, fiscal and demographic proof approximately Iran, plus reference fabrics on Iranian country associations and governance. The experiences ideas have sparked debate in Washington and generated wide insurance via U.S. and foreign media.

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This history positioned Iran as an unlikely ally in the post-9/11 campaign by the United States to unseat the Taliban and deny safe haven in Afghanistan to al-Qaeda. S. military effort in Afghanistan through the Northern Alliance, and it played an active and constructive role in the Bonn process that produced a new central government in post-conflict Kabul. S. victory over the Taliban, and its considerable aid to, and early recognition of, the post-conflict administration organized under President Hamid Karzai.

In addition, such a state would be prone to internecine political squabbling and would thereby be an implausible rival for regional hegemony. For these reasons, the very clerics who undermined Iran’s recent parliamentary polls have welcomed Iraq’s new interim government and encouraged the early organization of free elections. One of the central uncertainties about Iraq’s evolution is the impact it may have on Iran’s internal affairs. S. proponents of regime change suggested that Saddam Hussein’s removal and the establishment of representative government and rule of law in Iraq would have a domino effect throughout the region, first and foremost in Iran.

S. concerns about Iran’s posture intensified after the May 2003 attacks on expatriate housing complexes in Saudi Arabia that were attributed to al-Qaeda operatives, possibly working from Iran. As a result, Washington suspended the quiet constructive dialogue between the two governments that had developed after 9/11 on a limited range of regional issues. The nature of Iran’s relationship with al-Qaeda is subject to innuendo and interpretation. Its eastern borders are notoriously porous, as Iranian officials are prone to noting in its defense.

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