Download The State and the Subaltern: Modernization, Society and the by Touraj Atabaki PDF
By Touraj Atabaki
This can be the 1st research to monitor the perform of modernization in Turkey and Iran not just from above, through interpreting the measures followed by means of the political regimes of the past due Ottomans, Atat??rk and Reza Shah, but in addition from lower than, exploring how various social degrees contributed to the force for modernity. it's a complete and thorough research of ways those societies reacted to reform and alter. The nation and the Subaltern deals a clean viewpoint at the lodging and resistance to modernization and the relation among the typical humans and the nation in Islamic societies in the course of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. it's a interesting exploration of the background of subalterns - the rank and dossier of society - with particular connection with gender, ethnicity, commercial and non-industrial city labour, rural labour, unemployment and the impression of immigrant labour.
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Extra resources for The State and the Subaltern: Modernization, Society and the State in Turkey and Iran
Sample text
Labour unions at first were outside of the standard channels of labour–state negotiation that had developed and evolved over the Ottoman centuries. There was no normal method of negotiation between the state and these newly arrived bodies on the Ottoman scene and the evolution of such relations occurred during an era of crisis in the evolution of the Ottoman state, as the Young Turk contenders were challenging the Hamidian regime. Caught in an intra-elite struggle for domination, the Hamidian holdovers and the Young Turks were thus less ready and able to flexibly respond to unrest from below.
During the nineteenth century Iran suffered from outbreaks of famine more frequently than during any previous century. The main cause of the famine was the loss of the country’s ‘grain store’. For centuries the agricultural lands north of the Araxes river, especially the Nakhjivan region, were providers of grain for northern and central Iran. The annexation of the region by Imperial Russia not only deprived Iran of its grain store, but the manpower working on the land was also lost. However, there were also other reasons for famine.
In 1908, after 80 additional years of centralization, the state sent troops and enacted new laws to crush striking workers. The strike-related events show that despite all the achievements of nineteenth-century state building, workers still posed a grave threat to the Istanbul regime. The workers involved in the two sets of events seem to have been quite different. Although there is some uncertainty about this, it appears that unskilled workers may have played the most important single role in the 1826 events.