By T. C. Thompson, S. A. Tahir, L. Li (auth.), Isabelle Mercier, Jean-François Jasmin, Michael P. Lisanti (eds.)

Caveolins are very important structural proteins of Caveolae, small invaginations of the membrane. they've been proven to play an incredible function within the pathogenesis of a number of cancers. during this quantity, we are going to regularly concentrate on the significance of Caveolin-1 in breast, prostate, lung, epidermis, colon, pancreatic and mind cancers with additionally a point out of the radical function of Caveolin-3 in breast melanoma.

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The exact role of APC in the complex remains unclear, although the C-terminal region of APC reportedly regulates b-catenin phosphorylation by GSK3b [120]. Also APC phosphorylation favors interactions with b-catenin that enhance its subsequent degradation by favoring nuclear export [50, 55, 56, 151]. Wnt-dependent activation of the pathway requires two transmembrane receptors, Frizzled and LRP5/6 (low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5/6), which form a complex that triggers signaling to the cytoplasm and precludes b-catenin degradation [101].

Cancer Res 61:2361–2364 2 Caveolin-1 in Colon Cancer: The Flexible Connection to Wnt Signaling 37 54. Heeg-Truesdell E, LaBonne C (2006) Wnt signaling: a shaggy dogma tale. Curr Biol 16:R62–R64 55. Henderson BR (2000) Nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of APC regulates beta-catenin subcellular localization and turnover. Nat Cell Biol 2:653–660 56. Henderson BR, Fagotto F (2002) The ins and outs of APC and beta-catenin nuclear transport. EMBO Rep 3:834–839 57. Henkhaus RS, Roy UK, Cavallo-Medved D et al (2008) Caveolin-1-mediated expression and secretion of kallikrein 6 in colon cancer cells.

The canonical Wnt pathway is involved in the control of a large variety of processes, including cell proliferation, morphology, migration, and differentiation, all key events in the genesis and progression of cancer. A crucial molecular component in this pathway is the protein b-catenin [12, 109, 144]. A large number of studies in flies, frogs, and mammals have contributed to our current understanding of the importance of b-catenin turnover and localization for signaling via the canonical Wnt pathway (see Fig.

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