Download Cell and Molecular Biology of Plastids by Kevin Pyke (auth.), Ralph Bock (eds.) PDF
By Kevin Pyke (auth.), Ralph Bock (eds.)
The prior 20 years have witnessed a major growth in our realizing of plastid (chloroplast) biology. simple ideas of plastid biogenesis, genome constitution and serve as, gene expression and its legislation in addition to plastid-nuclear interplay and verbal exchange pathways were elucidated. additionally, the chance to at once regulate the genetic info of the plastid through transformation has facilitated the research of almost all features of plastid biology in vivo and, furthermore, has lead the way to assorted purposes of transgenic plastids in biotechnology.
The current ebook presents a entire assessment of our present wisdom on plastid biogenesis, plastid-nuclear conversation, the rules of plastid gene expression in any respect degrees, and in addition assesses the state-of-the-art in key applied sciences, comparable to proteomics and chloroplast transformation. Written via famous specialists within the box, it covers plastid differentiation and department, genome constitution and serve as, plastid inheritance, recombination, DNA replication and service, transcription, RNA processing and translation in addition to an important posttranslational approaches in plastid biogenesis and serve as, together with protein processing, the meeting of multiprotein complexes, protein balance and degradation, protein import and sorting.
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Additional info for Cell and Molecular Biology of Plastids
Sample text
Sudden loss of attachment causes rapid recoil of 20 Kevin Pyke the stromule. In addition, stromules can also branch and rejoin forming closed loops as well as forming distinct bead-like structures along their length. Beads are particularly clear in stromules on chromoplasts in tomato fruit (Pyke and Howells 2002) although there is little evidence that such structures actually move along the stromule length. Whether the extension of stromules is entire due to pulling by the microfilament strands rather than a pushing out by a stromal pressure is unclear as is the exact source of the new membrane needed to produce a new stromule.
Plant Physiol 127:1656-1666 Miyagishima S, Takahara M, Kuroiwa T (2001) Novel filaments 5 nm in diameter constitute the cytosolic ring of the plastid division apparatus. Plant Cell 13:707–721 Miyagishima S, Nishida K, Mori T, Matsuzaki M, Higashiyama T, Kuroiwa H, Kuroiwa T (2003) A plant-specific dynamin-related protein forms a ring at the chloroplast division site. Plant Cell 15:655-665 Miyagishimaa S, Froehlichb JE, Osteryoung KW (2006) The outer envelope protein PDV, together with its paralogue PDV, mediates recruitment of the dynamin-related protein ARC5 to the plastid division site in Arabidopsis.
Interestingly these genes define the fact that plastids have distinct poles and are not unpolarised organelles as has been generally believed. Although the third member of the bacterial family of Min genes, MinC, appears to be absent from plant genomes, expression of the prokaryotic MinC gene in Arabidopsis interferes with the plastid division machinery and results in abnormally large chloroplasts (Tavva et al. 2006). Whether this is a direct interaction between the Min proteins or an effect of MinC directly on FtsZ functionality is unclear.