By A. M. Judd

Quick Breeder Reactors: An Engineering creation is an introductory textual content to quickly breeder reactors and covers themes starting from reactor physics and layout to engineering and security issues. Reactor fuels, coolant circuits, steam crops, and regulate platforms also are mentioned.
This booklet is made out of 5 chapters and opens with a short precis of the heritage of quick reactors, with emphasis on foreign and the possibility of creating obtainable huge, immense reserves of power. the subsequent bankruptcy bargains with the physics of quick reactors and considers calculation tools, flux distribution, breeding, keep an eye on rods, protective, and reactivity coefficients. The chemistry of quick reactor fuels can also be thought of, in addition to the engineering of the center of a power-producing quickly reactor and of coolant circuits and steam vegetation. the ultimate bankruptcy examines facets of reactor safeguard which are atypical to sodium-cooled oxide-fueled quick reactors and describes the inherent beneficial properties of this type of reactor that make for protection, by means of an research of hazards and a few of the protecting platforms that may be used.
This monograph can be of curiosity to nuclear scientists, physicists, and engineers.

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Extra resources for Fast Breeder Reactors. An Engineering Introduction

Sample text

The exceptions are two isotopes of curium, 242cm and 244cm. The routes by which they are formed from 241Pu can be represented diagrammatically as follows, where the horizontal arrows represent (η,γ) reactions while the vertical ones represent β~ or β decay as shown. 98h 242Pu_>243Pu All these nuclides decay by spontaneous fission but 242cm and ^ ^Om. 4 x 10? y respectively. The neutrons generated are insignificant in normal operation of the reactor but not when it is shut down. As the quantity of 24lpu changes with burnup, so do the quantities of the curium isotopes and hence the neutron source strength.

This is indicated by the fact that the peak in the spectra in Fig. 8 is at a higher energy for carbide than for oxide. This is often called a "harder" spectrum. At the peak of the spectrum neutron importance increases with energy (Φ* is higher), so that the harder spectrum resulting from the change from oxide to carbide fuel allows fissile material to be replaced by fertile and the enrichment is lower. There are more captures in the fertile material in the core, and although there are fewer in the breeder the gain outweighs the loss and there is a net increase in breeding.

The major disadvantage, however, is the fact that it does not take account of the differences between the isotopes. ng equal to an atom of 239p U) whereas in fact the fission cross-section of 24lpu ±s higher than that of 239pu and its capture cross-section is lower. It is therefore more valuable as a reactor fuel and if, for example, we had two breeder reactors with the same B, but one of which produced 241pu w n ile the other produced 239p Uj t h e fi rs t would produce enough fuel to start another reactor more quickly than the second.

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