Download Macroscale and Microscale Organic Experiments by Kenneth L. Williamson PDF
By Kenneth L. Williamson
The marketplace chief for the full-year natural laboratory, this handbook derives many experiments and tactics from the vintage Feiser lab textual content, giving it an unsurpassed acceptance for sturdy, authoritative content material. The publication contains new experiments that pressure greener chemistry, up to date NMR spectra, and a top rate web site that incorporates glassware-specific video clips with pre-lab workouts. delivering a versatile mixture of macroscale and microscale ideas for many experiments, this confirmed handbook permits clients to avoid wasting at the buy and disposal of pricy, occasionally detrimental natural chemical compounds. Macroscale types can be utilized for more cost-effective experiments, giving readers event operating with conventionally sized glassware.
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Additional resources for Macroscale and Microscale Organic Experiments
Example text
For macroscale crystallizations, extractions, and quick cleaning of apparatus, it is convenient to have a bottle of each frequently used solvent—95% ethanol, ligroin or hexanes, dichloromethane, ether, and ethyl acetate. A pinhole opposite the spout, which is covered with the finger when in use, will prevent the spout from dribbling the solvent. For microscale work, these solvents are best dispensed from 25-mL or 50-mL bottles with an attached test tube containing a graduated (1-mL) polypropylene pipette (Fig.
All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning, Inc. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. 21 Chapter 1 ■ Introduction A B p. 35 Sept. 23, 2010 C DIFLUORODIBENZALACETONE D Purpose: To observe and carry out an aldol condensation reaction. F Reference: Williamson and Masters, Macroscale and Microscale Organic Experiments, p. 792. 790 56°C Soluble in H2O, ethanol, diethyl ether, acetone 167°C Insoluble in H2O; slightly soluble in ethanol, diethyl ether, acetone 54°C Insoluble in H2O; slightly soluble in ethanol, diethyl ether, acetone Soluble in H2O; insoluble in ethanol, diethyl ether, acetone H Side Reactions: No important side reactions, but if excess acetone is used, product will be contaminated with 4-fluorobenzalacetone.
Begin each experiment on a new page. Include an outline of the procedure and the method of purification of the product in a flow sheet if this is the best way to organize the experiment (for example, an extraction; see Chapter 8). The flow sheet should list all possible products, by-products, unused reagents, solvents, and so on that are expected to appear in the crude reaction mixture. , by extraction, various washing procedures, distillation, or crystallization). With this information entered in your notebook before coming to the laboratory, you will be ready to carry out the experiments with the utmost efficiency.