Download Medical X-Ray, Electron Beam, and Gamma-Ray Protection for by National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements PDF
By National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements
Read Online or Download Medical X-Ray, Electron Beam, and Gamma-Ray Protection for Energies Up to 50 Mev: Equipment, Design, Performance, and Use PDF
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Extra info for Medical X-Ray, Electron Beam, and Gamma-Ray Protection for Energies Up to 50 Mev: Equipment, Design, Performance, and Use
Example text
The image resolution of any given screen is improved by direct magnification, as long as the tube focal spot is sufficiently small to avoid excessive geometric unsharpness. Long exposure times may also degrade image resolution significantly due to motion unsharpness. I t should be noted that the use of single emulsion film and a single screen, rather than double emulsion film and two screens, can increase resolution significantly while the system speed and noise are both simultaneously decreased.
The difference between the length of each x-ray beam edge and each light-field edge shall not be greater than two percent of the source to image receptor distance at the image receptor. (g)Means shaU be provided to align the center of the x-raybeam, the fulcrum and the center of the image receptor. (h)A device s M be provided that automatically terminates the body section radiographic'exposure at a preset time interval, angle or kerma at the mceptor. The operator shall be able to terminate the exposure at any time.
The effectiveness of this practice in reducing the more relevant average glandular dose is only moderate, and is achieved a t the cost of considerable loss of image contrast. (4) Non-dedicated units shall have a filter interlock system, unless the filter is not changed from its standard value during mammography. 2 can be verified by a qualified expert by visual examination of the equipment and by study of typical breast or breast phantom images. (b) Measurements of beam HVL and collimation as well as of the tube focal spot size shU be performed on initial machine installation and whenever major tube assembly service is needed; measurement of the cassette support x-ray transmission is ordinarily needed only at the time of initial installation.