Download Pre-Ottoman Turkey: A General Survey of the Material and by Claude Cahen PDF
By Claude Cahen
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Additional resources for Pre-Ottoman Turkey: A General Survey of the Material and Spiritual Culture and History, c. 1071-1330
Example text
It is this new concession which, from then onwards, was called iqta', from the same root as qati'a, but which literally means, in the abstract, the act of allocation. The iq/ii' of this kind however did not constitute a seigniory, and care was taken that it should not become one. It was determined by its fiscal value, and an attempt was made to keep a strict idea of this. Moreover, since what was due to the officer was his pay, and not the district, it might happen that the district would be withdrawn from him in order that he might simply be paid in cash or in kind, or it might happen equally often that he himself would ask for the district to be changed, if he thought its value inadequate, or that the State might change it to prevent him from becoming firmly established in it and, by the acquisition of dependents and actual property, from gaining a dangerous independence.
Moreover, as, in Asia iVlinor, ther~ WilS not, among the invading Turkish peoples, any department for official correspondence, nor among the indigenous population any Muslim element accustomed to this kind of correspondence with the Islamic capitals, it is easy to understand that the chroniclers who based their writings on such documents were in fact ignorant of most of the events that occurred in the country. The indigenous Christian population, on the other hand, was accustomed to such correspondence or the recording of certain facts, and some recollections of them have consequently been preserved which, later, were available either to the Armenian, the Jacobite (Syriac) and to a lesser extent the Georgian monastic writers, or, more remotely, to the Byzantine historians of Constantinople.
Known Persian, IS to be expected. ry, probably continued to dress and to wear his hair in the Turkish ~tyle, altho~gh l:i~ kinsmcn in western Iran perhaps no longer did so. Sellll-tradJtlOnal details reveal the persistence of ~ertain practices: it was an ancient custom of the Oghuz, as mdeed of many peoples in Central Asia, to regard the bow and arrow as a symbol of authority, and a message received its guarantee of authenticity if accompanied by the characteristic arrow of the chieftain who was sending it.