Download Taste of Modernity: Sufism and Salafiyya in Late Ottoman by Itzchak Weismann PDF
By Itzchak Weismann
Modernization within the Muslim international was resolute by means of the 2 interrelated strategies of indigenous country formation and ecu monetary penetration. those drove governments to enlist the orthodox and the loads in aid of the consolidation in their imperative authority, and spiritual reformers to hunt, partially via Western units, tests on their authority. This research lines the emergence of contemporary Islam and examines the connection of Islamic modernization to the increase of Arab Nationalism.
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Extra resources for Taste of Modernity: Sufism and Salafiyya in Late Ottoman Damascus (Islamic History and Civilization. Studies and Texts, Vol 34)
Example text
44 ‘§Èib, Bughyat al-W§jid, p. 162; M. Kh§nÊ, Al-Bahja al-Saniyya, p. 96. In his diploma to MuÈammad AmÊn #$bidÊn, Kh§lid added Qur"an exegesis, see ‘§Èib, ibid. the mystical praxis 43 The integration between mysticism and erudition underlies the NaqshbandÊ definition of the sufi saints (awliy§", lit. the friends of God). These are the #ulam§" al-#§milån, who combine the “external sciences” and the hidden wisdom, the sharÊ#a and the ÈaqÊqa, the two wings that the believer must seek in order to ascend to the world of sacredness (#§lam al-quds).
These raised two essential reservations, implying that it contradicted the two fundamental principles of the Naqshbandiyya. 27 Unprepared to sacrifice the usual independence of shaykhs within their orders for the sake of a more unified organization, these Kh§lidÊ deputies preferred to follow previous NaqshbandÊ masters who taught that disciples should bind their hearts to their immediate guides. Their focus on the inner—organizational dimension of the r§biãa is evidenced by Shaykh Kh§lid’s rejoinder to this challenge to his authority, his Epistle in Verification of the R§biãa.
201-202. 31 ‘§Èib, Bughyat al-W§jid, p. 41; #A. Kh§nÊ, Al-\ad§"iq al-Wardiyya, p. 8. 32 For a detailed description of the practical aspects of these methods to reach God see Baghd§dÊ, Al-\adÊqa al-Nadiyya, pp. 88-91; M. Kh§nÊ, Al-Bahja al-Saniyya, pp. 47-53. 33 For the list of the eleven principles see Trimingham, pp. 203-204; and their analysis from a NaqshbandÊ point of view in M. Kh§nÊ, Al-Bahja al-Saniyya, pp. 53-57. For a description of a NaqshbandÊ dhikr ceremony which he attended and its resemblance to Buddhist practices, see Van Bruinessen, pp.