By Michelle B. Waller PA-C, Karen A. Beaty PA-C (auth.), Jaffer A. Ajani MD, Patrick M. Lynch MD, JD, Nora A. Janjan MD, Steven A. Curley MD (eds.)

Gastrointestinal melanoma contains melanoma of the digestive procedure - the esophagus, colon, rectum, anus, liver, pancreas, and different digestive organs. Taken as an entire, there are an envisioned 250,600 new situations within the US. Colon and rectum melanoma is the 3rd best reason for melanoma and melanoma deaths within the US.

Gastrointestinal Cancer is the 3rd quantity within the M.D. Anderson melanoma Care series, that includes the present common method of GI melanoma care from the specialists at M.D. Anderson melanoma Center.

Designed for the working towards oncologist, this scientific guidebook allows fast, authoritative entry to the newest and most sensible multimodality cures. issues lined during this quantity comprise AJCC staging of gastrointestinal malignancies, fresh advances in histopathology of gastroinestinal cancers, imaging options and endoscopy within the administration of GI malignancies, colorectal melanoma, liver melanoma, gastric melanoma, esophageal melanoma, anal melanoma, and palliative remedy. all the 20 chapters ends with an up to date checklist of steered readings, in addition to "key perform issues" highlighting the main rules and practices of every bankruptcy for at-a-glance reference. greater than eighty illustrations supplement the textual content. This thorough, sensible quantity is the basic scientific advisor for the oncologists, surgeons, and all physicians excited by the care of sufferers with GI cancer.

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High ultrasound frequencies are preferred, as imaging resolution is directly related to the frequency used. EUS allows clear visualization of individual layers of the gut wall and therefore can help determine the wall layers involved by the tumor for accurate T classification of luminal tumors. For nodal staging, EUS can identify enlarged lymph nodes that may be infiltrated by tumor. Several criteria have been developed to differentiate malignant lymph nodes from lymph nodes enlarged owing to inflammation.

Another significant technical development in US is the application of endoscopic US in the evaluation of GI malignancies. Endoscopic US has become a primary imaging modality for determining the depth of bowel-wall invasion by many GI malignancies, such as those of the esophagus, stomach, and rectum. The combination of fine-needle aspiration and endoscopic US is currently used to diagnose pancreatic masses, define regional nodal metastasis of these malignancies, and define local vascular involvement from pancreatic masses (Chang et al, 1994; Gress et al, 1999).

Lesion Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesion Characterization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Staging Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Key Practice Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Suggested Readings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 28 29 30 30 31 34 34 35 36 41 41 Chapter Overview Diagnostic imaging studies provide important information in the diagnostic and staging evaluation of patients with gastrointestinal malignancies.

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