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39 In the Arab world itself, the oil wealth not only transformed the oil-producing countries, but had substantial influence on the non-oil-producing countries. First, the increasing demand for manpower was met, in part, by the non-oil Arab countries. Second, the rising consumer and governmental demands for food products, manufactured goods, and services were, again, partly met by the non-oil countries. Third, the oil producers have provided their Arab neighbours with large amounts of financial aid and long-term loans, thereby stimulating their economic development and reducing their earlier dependence on non-Arab foreign aid.

The Arab Maritime Petroleum Transport Company has undertaken maritime transport of oil and all related products. The Arab Shipbuilding and Repair Yard Company (established 1974) runs the largest, newly constructed, dry dock in the Gulf area designed to service tankers and ships. The Arab Petroleum Investments Corporation invests in oil refineries, petrochemical complexes, and other related industries. Finally, the newly established Arab Petroleum Services Company provides Arab states with oil exploration and other services previously handled by foreign enterprises.

When asked to enumerate the expectations which the community held towards them and to describe their role in their community, forty-nine executives were able to describe a variety of expectations. Only three executives felt that they had no role to play in the community, and that the community had no expectations of them by virtue of their positions. The replies given by the forty-nine executives were wide-ranging but described quite similar patterns. The most frequently mentioned examples were: (a) Social responsibility.